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The following resources provide help, advice, and support for Debian. Try your best to use self-help resources before crying out loud in the mailing lists. :)
Note that you can access a lot of documentation on your system by using a WWW
browser, via the dwww
or dhelp
commands, found in
their respective packages.
The following references are available for Debian and Linux in general. If their contents conflict with each other, always rely more on primary information sources than on secondary ones such as this document.
Installation Manual (primary)
Read before installation and upgrade.
Web: http://www.debian.org/releases/testing/installmanual
(work in progress, sometimes this may not exist)
Package: Not available in install-doc: Bug#155374
File: Debian CD under /doc/
Release Notes (primary)
A must-read before installation and upgrade even if you are experienced.
Web: http://www.debian.org/releases/testing/releasenotes
(work in progress, sometimes this may not exist)
Package: Not available in install-doc: Bug#155374
File: Debian CD under /doc/
FAQ (secondary)
Frequently asked questions
Package: doc-debian
File: /usr/share/doc/debian/FAQ/index.html
Debian Reference (secondary)
Most comprehensive post-install user manual
Package: debian-reference-en
File: /usr/share/doc/Debian/reference/
APT HOWTO (secondary)
Detailed user guide for Debian package management. (Woody)
Package: apt-howto
File: /usr/share/doc/Debian/apt-howto/
Securing Debian Manual (secondary)
Detailed user guide for securing and hardening of the default Debian installation. (Woody)
Web: http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/
Package: harden-doc
File: /usr/share/doc/harden-doc/html/securing-debian-howto/
dselect
Documentation for Beginners (secondary)
Tutorial for dselect
Web: http://www.debian.org/releases/woody/i386/dselect-beginner
Package: Not available in install-doc: Bug#155374
File: Debian CD under /doc/
Debian Policy Manual (primary)
Technical backbone of Debian.
Package: debian-policy
File: /usr/share/doc/debian-policy/
Debian Developer's Reference (primary)
Basic knowledge for developers.
The rest of us should also browse this once.
Web: http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/developers-reference/
Package: developers-reference
File: /usr/share/doc/developers-reference/
Debian New Maintainers' Guide (primary)
Practical guide for developers.
Packaging tutorials for the rest of us.
Package: maint-guide
File: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/
Packaging Manual (Potato)
packaging-manual
package in Potato. (Moved into appendix of
Developer's Reference.)
Unix-style manual pages (primary)
dlocate -man package-name (list available)
man section command-name
GNU-style info pages (primary)
info (access top level)
info command-name
Package-specific documents (primary)
Find them under /usr/share/doc/package-name
LDP: Linux Documentation Project (secondary)
General Linux HOWTOs and mini-HOWTOs
Web: http://www.tldp.org/
Package: doc-linux-text
and doc-linux-html
File: /usr/share/doc/HOWTO/
Linux Gazette (secondary) -- new issues monthly
The Linux Gazette
Package: lg-all
or lg-latest-two
File: /usr/share/doc/lg/
DDP: Debian Documentation Project (secondary)
Debian-specific manuals
Debian Developers' Corner (secondary)
Key information for Debian developers
Insightful for end users
Source code (absolutely primary)
No one can argue with this :-)
Download source code following The source code, Section 2.1.15
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (primary)
Web: http://www.iana.org/
Package: doc-iana
File: /usr/share/doc/doc-iana/
Internet requests for comments (IETF standards) (primary)
Package: doc-rfc
File: /usr/share/doc/RFC/
The following references are available for Unix in general. Please note that there are some minor differences between different Unix systems. Device names and init methods need extra attention.
The UNIX Programming Environment
The book to read to learn about how UNIX works.
By B. W. Kernighan and R. Pike
Published by Princeton Hall Software Series
The C Programming Language (second edition)
The book to read to learn about ANSI C.
By B. W. Kernighan and D. M. Ritchie
Published by Princeton Hall Software Series
UNIX Power Tools
The book to read to learn Unix tips.
By Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly, and Mike Loukides
Published by O'Reilly and Associates
Essential System Administration (second edition)
The book to read to learn about Unix system administration for many Unix flavors.
By Aeleen Frisch
Published by O'Reilly and Associates
Linux: Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition
A nice online and hardcover book covering GNU/Linux system administration.
By Paul Sheer
Published by Prentice Hall
Package: rutebook
(from non-free)
File: /usr/share/doc/rutebook/
Bell Labs: Computing Sciences Research
Rich archive of Unix history
Selected technical reports: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr.html
Some papers: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/papers.html
Online Linux general support resources
Red Hat (commercial Linux
vender)
(RPM, Sys-V init)
SuSE, Inc. (commercial Linux
vender)
(RPM, Sys-V init)
Slackware
(TGZ, BSD-style
init)
Online general Unix guide and resources
Free software project home pages
Many words used in Debian are cryptic jargon or acronyms. The following will
solve most questions (requires dict
package and related packages):
$ dict put-a-weird-word-here
Many packages exist in Debian and it is sometimes difficult to know which one
to try first. See Debian Popularity
Contest Results
to get insight into what others are using. Also
install the popularity-contest
package to contribute.
The Debian distribution has a bug
tracking system (BTS)
which files details of bugs reported by users
and developers. Each bug is given a number, and is kept on file until it is
marked as having been dealt with.
You should check to see whether your bug report has already been filed by
someone else before submitting it. Lists of currently outstanding bugs are
available on the World Wide
Web
and elsewhere
. See also Check bugs in Debian and seek help,
Section 6.3.1.
There may be many release-critical bug reports marked with FTBFS. This means "Fails To Build From Source".
Instructions for reporting a bug are given at http://www.debian.org/Bugs/Reporting
.
Read at least "debian-devel-announce" (English, read-only and low-traffic) to stay current with Debian.
The mailing lists of most interest to Debian users are "debian-user" (English, open and high-traffic) and other "debian-user-language" lists (for other languages).
For information on these lists and details of how to subscribe, see http://lists.debian.org/
. Please
check the archives for answers to your question prior to posting and also
adhere to standard list etiquette.
If you do not wish to get CCed for the reply to your mailing list posting, use
the Mail-Followup-To: header which is a very effective measure.
This is the informal convention of mailing lists as explained in http://cr.yp.to/proto/replyto.html
.
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a way to chat with people from all over the world
in real time. IRC channels dedicated to Debian can be found on the freenode
IRC network. To connect,
you need an IRC client. Some of the most popular clients are XChat, BitchX,
ircII, irssi, epic4, and KSirc, all of which have been packaged for Debian.
Once you have the client installed, you need to tell it to connect to the
server. In most clients, you can do that by typing:
/server irc.debian.org
Once you are connected, join channel #debian by typing
/join #debian
To leave channel #debian type
/part #debian
You can quit the irc client by typing
/quit
To send a private message "Hello Mr. Foo" to foo type
/msg foo Hello Mr. Foo
Note that anything you type without the preceding / is sent to the channel as a message.
Note: clients like XChat often have a different graphical user interface for joining servers/channels.
There are many search engines that serve documentation related to Debian:
Google
: include
"site:debian.org" as a search term.
Google Groups
: a search
engine for newsgroups. Include "group:linux.debian.*" as a search
term.
For example, searching on the string "cgi-perl" gives a more detailed explanation of this package than the brief description field in its control file. See Check bugs in Debian and seek help, Section 6.3.1 for related advice.
The following are a few random URLs I collected for specific issues.
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Debian Reference
CVS, Thu Jan 18 11:52:15 UTC 2007osamu#at#debian.org